Qianyanzhou(QYZ) Ecological Station established in 1983 with an area of 204 hm2 is affiliated to the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network.Before 1982,herbs had been dominant,sparsely dotted with shrubs.After 20-year restoration of the vegetation,the vegetation showed significant changes in both forest coverage and species diversity.Forest coverage had increased to 93.3% in 1999 from 0.4% in 1982.The vegetation could be broadly classified into two groups: artificial forest,accounting for the most percent,and natural secondary forest.These two groups could be subdivided into 12 types.Based on the 2003 field work,The authors studied plant community composition and vertical structure.The results were as follows: 1) On the study plots were there about 150 species,of which 100,49,and 47 grew in arbor layer and shrub layer and herb layer,respectively.Of 12 community types,the amount of species in shrub layer was larger than that of other two layers.As to the species richness in the different community types,Liquidambar formosana community showed the highest and Imperata cylindrical var.major community the least.The amount of species in arbor layer of artificial forest was smaller than those of natural Pinus massoniana forest,but no difference in understory.2) Loropetalum chinense,Quercus fabric and Vaccinium bracteatum were dominant shrub species with a wide distribution.Three ferns Woodwardia japonica、Dryopteris atrata and Dicrannepteris dichotoma were dominant herb species.Lianas were sparse,but Milletlia reticulata were found in all forest types.3) Up to now some natural regeneration species,such as Eurya muricata、Quercus fabri、Vaccinium bracteatum、Rhus chinensis、Adinandra bockiana,had grown in the arbor layer of artificial forests.Some herb species,such as Arundinella setosa、Miscanthus floridulus、Isachne globosa、Scirpus triqueter,which were dominant ones in the herb layer before the restoration of vegetation,disappeared now.4) The vertical structure of natural Pinus massoniana community and Liquidambar formosana community showed more complex comparing with artificial forests.For the artificial forests,the conifer and broad-leaves mixed forest had a more complex structure.In both natural Pinus(massoniana) community and Liquidambar formosana community,it was dominated by individuals with height of 3～4 m,while 10～12 m in the artificial forests.

［目的］ 采用高通量测序技术Illumina MiSeq250获得蕨类植物芒萁的孢子体转录组数据，以期为芒萁的生长、发育、代谢调控、微进化机制分析等提供重要的分子信息。［方法］ 应用生物信息学方法对测序获得的大量单基因簇（Unigene）进行基因功能注释、代谢途径及微卫星分析等。［结果］ 本研究共获得18 463 296条序列读取片段（reads），总碱基数为4.62Gbp序列信息，经序列组装最终得到63 169个Unigene，平均单条Unigene长度为863 bp，N50为1 587 bp，其中分布在200500 bp长度区间Unigene占总数的55.4%。数据库中的序列同源性比较表明，26 826个Unigene与其他物种的已知基因具有不同程度的同源性。芒萁转录组中的Unigene根据GO功能大致可分为细胞组成、分子功能和生物学过程3大类47个分支，其中有大量的Unigene与细胞进程、绑定活性、代谢过程和催化活性相关。将Unigene与COG数据库进行比对，根据其功能大致可分为26类。以KEGG数据库作为参考，依据代谢途径可将Unigene定位到257个代谢途径分支。此外，利用MISA软件检索26碱基微卫星，共找到13 286个SSR。在不同长度微卫星中，三核苷重复数量最多，占总数的40.41%。在各重复基序类型中出现频率最高的为AG/CT（14.45%）与AAG/CTT（12.39%）。利用重复基序开发的多态性SSR标记，可应用于芒萁不同个体的基因型分型鉴定。［结论］ 本研究获得了较高质量的芒萁转录组数据库，揭示了芒萁孢子体生长发育过程中表达基因的功能总体特征，可为芒萁进一步的功能基因挖掘和分子标记规模化开发奠定基础。